The Sahara and the Nile
Quaternary environments and prehistoric occupation in northern Africa
Edited by: WILLIAMS, Martin A.J. and Hugues Faure


Balkema, Rotterdam, 1980


Contents


PART ONE: THE SAHARA

1 A.T. Grove, Geomorphic evolution of the Sahara and the Nile 7
2 M. Mainguet, L. Canon & M.C.Chemin, Le Sahara: geomorphologie et paleomorphologie eoliennes 17
3 M.R. Talbot, Environmental responses to climatic change in the West African Sahel over the past 20000 years 37
4 J. Maley, Les Changements climatiques de la fin du Tertiaire en Arique: leur consequence sur l'apparition du Sahara et de sa vegetation 63
5 B. Messerli & M. Winiger, The Saharan and East African uplands during the Quaternary 87
6 Michel Servant & Simone Servant-Vildary, L'environnement Quaternaire du bassin du Tchad 133
7 Lionel Balout & Colette Roubet, Apports de la prehistorie a la stratigraphie et la chronologie au Sahara et au Maghreb 163
8 Sharon E. Nicholson, Saharan climates in historic times 173

PART TWO: THE NILE

9 M.A.J. Williams & F.M. Williams, Evolution of the Nile Basin 201
10 Donald Adamson & Frances Williams, Structural geology, tectonics and the control of drainage in the Nile basin 225
11 Karl W. Butzer, Pleistocene history of the Nile Valley in Egypt and Lower Nubia 253
12 M.A.J. Williams & D.A. Adamson, Late Quaternary depositional history of the Blue and White Nile rivers in central Sudan 281
13 M.A.J. Williams, D.A. Adamson, F.M. Williams, W.H. Morton & D.E. Parry, Jebel Marra volcano: a link between the Nile Valley, the Sahara and Central Africa 305
14 D.A. Livingstone, Environmental changes in the Nile headwaters 339
15 F. Gasse, P. Rognon & F.A. Streeet, Quaternary history of the Afar and Ethiopian Rift lakes 361

PART THREE: PREHISTORIC OCCUPATION

16 Fred Wendorf & Fekri A. Hassan, Holocene ecology and prehistory in the Egyptian Sahara 407
17 Fekri A. Hassan, Prehistoric settlements along the Main Nile 421
18 Andrew B. Smith, The Neolithic tradition in the Sahara 451
19 Susan E. Smith, The environmental adaptation of nomads in the West African Sahel: a key to understanding prehistoric pastoralists 467
20 Andrew B. Smith, Domesticated cattle in the Sahara and their introduction into West Africa 489
21 Ann B.L. Semler, Origins of plant domestification in the Sahara and the Nile Valley 503
22 J. Desmond Clark, Human populations and cultural adaptations in the Sahara and Nile during prehistoric times 527